History of Kyrgyzstan
Introduction. Every country, every nation, every culture has the past to be known and history of Kyrgyzstan has a number of periods to be paid attention to. And if people don't know the history of their country, if they forget it, the country will not develop. As one of main features to note is that it is necessary to learn mistakes not to do the same. And Kyrgyzstan is a country in the very heart of mountains embraces an interesting history all citizens tend to know. It is well known that Kyrgyz people used to be nomads and there place of living was area of mountains. Today, during a tour in Kyrgyzstan, we still can see a great percent of population of the country living in the mountains a nomad way of life. Nomadic life means that no cities and buildings will be built along with castles and towns. Kyrgyz people didn't have written notes and information was going from generation to generation in an oral way. Some main events and changes in life of Kyrgyzstan and their people were recorded in the way of notes on the walls of caves, for example. Our team is ready to offer car rent, so thus your journey of exploring history will provide only positive reviews.
First we get to know with the Kyrgyz in 201 B.C. from Chinese notes. The history estimates about 2 000 years. The History of Kyrgyzstan can be clearly understood by eight main periods you will hear in a course of travelling in Kyrgyzstan:
Prehistory (1 million years ago - 1 000 BC). The existence of people in modern Kyrgyzstan is closely connected with the development of culture and art and this period we identify as prehistory, 1 million years ago - 1 000 BC. Rock Art Gallery in Cholpon Ata is an evidential illustration of this period as the center of spiritual life of Kyrgyzstan. Humans came here in this place during periodic holidays. The Rock Art Gallery in Cholpon Ata possesses more than 2000 images highlighted on the stones and rocks of the place and you can freely attend it in the course of a tour in Kyrgyzstan. As well there is a resemblance of animals like goats, bulls, horses, deer, camels, dogs in accordance with people in the process of hunting, plowing, ritual dancing, animals with carts, labyrinths, erotic and other scenes, and anthropomorphic creatures.
Ancient History (1 000 BC - 300 AD). Nothing was known until the information about Kyrgyz people emerged in the Chinese notes that refers to the Ancient History, 1 000 BC - 300 AD. The records were given by the Chinese historian Sima Tan in 201 BC about the territory of Kyrgyzstan and people living here. In the chronicles "Historical notes" he mentioned Kyrgyz people and their wars with the Hunnu, as they conquered them. In tours visitors get information that Kyrgyz people can be noticed mainly in the Chinese notes, and the other mentioning was in the 1st century BC. The historian Ban Gu created a chronicle the name "Han-shu" is transmitted as "History of Man". The records describe the realm of Kyrgyz and according to the modern scientists making a review, the realm of those years was located somewhere in the Eastern part of Turkestan and also the realm of the territory of Kyrgyzstan.
Turkic Era (500-1200). It is known that Kyrgyz people mainly migrated from Altai Mountains to Central Asia region; the migrating nomad tribes were Turkic speaking ones refers to the Turkic Era, 500-1200. This was the time when Turkic dynasties ruled supreme. The period of Turkic supreme coincides with Early Middle Ages from 6th to the 13th centuries known as Turkic Era. Vasily Vladimirovich Bartold as a Russian Empire and Soviet historian specializing in the history of Turkic people first adopted the term Great Kyrgyz Empire. The 7th century is known as the time of Kyrgyz Kaganate establishing on the territories of Middle Yenisey River in South Siberia, when the one who was the king of the territory and realm was Barsbek ajo. The period of flourishing of the Kyrgyz and Kyrgyzstan as a separate country from Yenisey is the process of empire spreading and getting larger from river Irtysh in the west to Big Khingan range in the east, from Angara and Selegna Rivers in the north to the Gobi Desert in the south in 9-10th centuries. In a tour program in Kyrgyzstan you have an opportunity to visit these places.
The Mongol Rule (1200-1400). Kyrgyz people often suffered from invasions of different kings, tribes and armies and it is known as the other devastating period is known as the Mongol Rule in the 13th century, 1200-1400. As the history tells, Genghis Khan was a guiding figure who managed to conquer and destroy Turkic tribes with all development achieved in 1207 in Kyrgyzstan of those times. Kyrgyz people didn't have any other choice but to go under the powers of the Khan and be under his leadership for many centuries. Long time ago Kyrgyz people used to be shamans and tend to follow shamanistic traditions up to the 19th centuries as the process of adopting Islam took a long period. Mainly religion started its development in 12th and 15th centuries on the territory of Kyrgyzstan as well.
Kyrgyz consolidation (1400-1800). Kyrgyz people are known for being nomad tribes in ancient times and they didn't build buildings, their state can be said to be like "moving along with them" and this period is known as Kyrgyz consolidation, 1400-1800. The present territory of Kyrgyzstan was inhabited in 15th century by Kyrgyz from South Siberia. From 15th to 19th centuries Kyrgyz are said to be without any realm possible, though there were made attempts to unite tribes in the one group for creating the state and a separate one. But it failed and the Kyrgyz made up the system of wings around the center, where different various tribes could live. The tribes were like separate cities and were considered independent, with appointed leaders to rule. This information you will get I accordance with the Kyrgyz themselves and the history of the territory in the process of tours in Kyrgyzstan.
Russian Colonization (1770-1917).It is known that Kyrgyz people often suffered from invasions outside and between separate tribes that led to the attempt of seeking help in the face of the Russian Empire and this period is clearly known as Russian Colonization, 1770-1917. Northern tribes of Kyrgyzstan were gladly accepting the process of being dominated by the Empire. Threats and hostilities from China, Koqand and Kazakhs were very often. In the course of a tour you will find out that southern tribes were against Russian Colonization policy as they are considered as the ones hostile to northern tribes, but they were forced to get under the leadership and Kyrgyzstan became the part of the Russian Empire. As new powers were established, new system of territorial and administrative division was in powers in Kyrgyzstan. Agricultural economy started development from the time of Russian Colonization.
Soviet Rule (1917-1991). During last years of Russian Colonization started to fail and the Bolsheviks came in 1917 and conquered the Empire giving a way to a new period of Kyrgyzstan that is known as Soviet Rule, 1917-1991. The process of Soviet Union establishing was reinforced by the certain idea given to people. The idea was of creating a socialistic society without exploitation, where everybody is equal. And some of principles of those times preserved and it is possible to see it during tour in the capital of Kyrgyzstan basically. The point is that with the development and establishing of Soviet Union political, economic and cultural life of the country started to develop in the territory of Kyrgyzstan. The development is also concluded in creation of the system of elementary, secondary and higher education. Professional literature was in the process of paying attention to, with people attending theatre, painting, and cinema. But the problem was that faith was rejected by the government and it was prohibited to go to saint places as mosque, church and so on in modern Kyrgyzstan. Due to it a lot of people died, murdered in the result of Atheization, Collectivization and Cultural Revolution. The city got the title of the city after establishing also large-scale heavy metal processing industry and machinery. Regions got autonomous titles by hands of Bolsheviks and innocent people murders.
Independent Kyrgyzstan (since 1991). Kyrgyzstan got its independence in 1991, the year of falling of the Soviet Union. The independent state is said to have the national flag, emblem and anthem, and Kyrgyzstan established all as an independent country you may visit.
Constitution was adapted in 1993, in 1992 Kyrgyzstan became the member of UN. Independence led to unhappy circumstances in the face of high unemployment rate and government had to deal with political, economic and social crisis. Out of it Kyrgyzstan as an independent country was supposed to spread democracy, but in the result country was known as "country of destabilization" rather than "country of democracy". But the recent stabilization of our country led to the development of social and economic life of Kyrgyzstan. 2010 is the year when Kyrgyzstan turned from presidential to parliamentary system with successful transition of power first in Central Asia in 2017. Revolutions were in 2005 and 2010 when presidents were removed. Nowadays country is in the state of peace and it is safe to travel along it.
It is known that Kyrgyzstan is a country of mountains that should be visited by everyone on the globe for those who are interested in clear air, amazing nature and overwhelming views. To help you in creation of breath-taking adventure we are glad to offer you our service and organize a tour in Kyrgyzstan for travelling from one part of the country to the other. In addition, we will help you to rent a car. Kyrgyzstan is a place you should visit being in Central Asia.